# Number Theory

 1. (55 p.) Let $$f$$ be a function defined along the rational numbers such that $$f(\tfrac mn)=\tfrac1n$$ for all relatively prime positive integers $$m$$ and $$n$$. The product of all rational numbers $$0< x< 1$$ such that $f\left(\dfrac{x-f(x)}{1-f(x)}\right)=f(x)+\dfrac9{52}$ can be written in the form $$\tfrac pq$$ for positive relatively prime integers $$p$$ and $$q$$. Find $$p+q$$.

 2. (2 p.) The square $$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline x&20&151 \\\hline 38 & & \\ \hline & & \\ \hline\end{array}$$ is magic, i.e. in each cell there is a number so that the sums of each row and column and of the two main diagonals are all equal. Find $$x$$.

 3. (33 p.) It is given that $$181^2$$ can be written as the difference of the cubes of two consecutive positive integers. Find the sum of these two integers.

 4. (2 p.) $$n$$ is an integer between 100 and 999 inclusive, and $$n^{\prime}$$ is the integer formed by reversing the digits of $$n$$. How many possible values are for $$|n-n^{\prime}|$$?

 5. (6 p.) Let $$a$$, $$b$$, $$c$$ be positive integers forming an increasing geometric sequence such that $$b-a$$ is a square. If $$\log_6a + \log_6b + \log_6c = 6$$, find $$a + b + c$$.

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