Combinatorics

 1. (42 p.) Bob is making partitions of $$10$$, but he hates even numbers, so he splits $$10$$ up in a special way. He starts with $$10$$, and at each step he takes every even number in the partition and replaces it with a random pair of two smaller positive integers that sum to that even integer. For example, $$6$$ could be replaced with $$1+5$$, $$2+4$$, or $$3+3$$ all with equal probability. He terminates this process when all the numbers in his list are odd. The expected number of integers in his list at the end can be expressed in the form $$\frac{m}{n}$$, where $$m$$ and $$n$$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $$m+n$$.

 2. (8 p.) Assume that $$A$$ is a 40-element subset of $$\{1,2,3,\dots,50\}$$, and let $$n$$ be the sum of the elements of $$A$$. Find the number of possible values of $$n$$.

 3. (25 p.) At the basement of a building with 5 floors, Adam, Bob, Cindy, Diana and Ernest entered the elevator. The elevator goes only up and doesn’t come back, and each person gets out of the elevator at one of the five floors. In how many ways can the five people leave the elevator in such a way that at no time are there a male and a female alone in the elevator?

 4. (5 p.) Let $$S = \{1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34\}$$. Find the sum $$\sum \max(A)$$ where the sum is taken over all 28 two-element subsets $$A$$ of $$S$$.

 5. (18 p.) A circle of radius 1 is randomly placed inside a $$15 \times 36$$ rectangle $$ABCD$$. The probability that it does not intersect the diagonal $$AC$$ can be expressed as $$p/q$$ where $$p$$ and $$q$$ are relatively prime integers. Find $$p+q$$.

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